See Ruma on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch Low Saxon",
"lang_code": "nds-nl",
"word": "Rome"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "Rōme"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch Low Saxon",
"lang_code": "nds-nl",
"word": "Rome"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "Rōm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*Rūmō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *Rūmō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *Rūmō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Ruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "proper noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Ruma f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Rum",
"nopl": "1"
},
"name": "osx-decl-noun-o-f"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon female given names",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon given names",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a female given name"
],
"id": "en-Ruma-osx-name-pLhOhtoi",
"links": [
[
"given name",
"given name"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "osx",
"name": "Cities in Italy",
"orig": "osx:Cities in Italy",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "osx",
"name": "Places in Italy",
"orig": "osx:Places in Italy",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "osx",
"name": "Rome",
"orig": "osx:Rome",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (a major city in Italy)"
],
"id": "en-Ruma-osx-name-q3eV-z6b",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "osx",
"name": "Ancient Rome",
"orig": "osx:Ancient Rome",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "osx",
"name": "Former polities",
"orig": "osx:Former polities",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 4 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 38 7 4 38 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 42 6 2 42 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa; in full, Roman Empire)"
],
"id": "en-Ruma-osx-name--2hWd2T8",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"Ancient Rome",
"Ancient Rome#English"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"empire",
"empire"
],
[
"Rome",
"Rome"
],
[
"Europe",
"Europe#English"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia#English"
],
[
"Africa",
"Africa#English"
],
[
"Roman Empire",
"Roman Empire#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa; in full, Roman Empire)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"historical"
]
}
],
"word": "Ruma"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rumana"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Rumana"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rumanazzu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Rumani"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rumanità"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Rumanu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rumanu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rumanzu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rumanìscu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rumanìsimu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rumanìsticu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Rumeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rumànicu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Rumìlia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "rumìu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Rumìu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Ròmmulu"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "Ruma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōma (“Rome”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin Rōma (“Rome”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Roma",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "proper noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Ruma f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Rù",
"ma"
]
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "grecu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "gricu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "latinu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Lazziu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sicanu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "sìculu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toscu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "èlimu"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "Ancient settlements",
"orig": "scn:Ancient settlements",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "Cities in Italy",
"orig": "scn:Cities in Italy",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "Cities in Lazio, Italy",
"orig": "scn:Cities in Lazio, Italy",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "Former capitals",
"orig": "scn:Former capitals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "National capitals",
"orig": "scn:National capitals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "Places in Italy",
"orig": "scn:Places in Italy",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "Places in Lazio, Italy",
"orig": "scn:Places in Lazio, Italy",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "Places in the Roman Empire",
"orig": "scn:Places in the Roman Empire",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "Regional capitals of Italy",
"orig": "scn:Regional capitals of Italy",
"parents": [
"Regional capitals",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "Rome",
"orig": "scn:Rome",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (a major city, the capital of Italy and the Italian region of Lazio, located on the Tiber River; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire)"
],
"id": "en-Ruma-scn-name-nUh1WfR3",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English:_Q220"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
],
[
"Lazio",
"Lazio#English"
],
[
"Tiber",
"Tiber"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"Roman Empire",
"Roman Empire#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "Metropolitan cities of Italy",
"orig": "scn:Metropolitan cities of Italy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "Places in Italy",
"orig": "scn:Places in Italy",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "Places in Lazio, Italy",
"orig": "scn:Places in Lazio, Italy",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (a metropolitan city of Lazio, Italy)"
],
"id": "en-Ruma-scn-name-Y4IDP~Gd",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English:_Q18288160"
],
[
"metropolitan city",
"metropolitan city"
],
[
"Lazio",
"Lazio#English"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "Ancient Rome",
"orig": "scn:Ancient Rome",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "scn",
"name": "Former polities",
"orig": "scn:Former polities",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 38 7 4 38 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 42 6 2 42 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 7 70 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sicilian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa; in full, Roman Empire)"
],
"id": "en-Ruma-scn-name--2hWd2T8",
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"Ancient Rome",
"Ancient Rome#English"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"empire",
"empire"
],
[
"Rome",
"Rome"
],
[
"Europe",
"Europe#English"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia#English"
],
[
"Africa",
"Africa#English"
],
[
"Roman Empire",
"Roman Empire#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa; in full, Roman Empire)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sicilian surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a habitational surname"
],
"id": "en-Ruma-scn-name-PbabqTmI",
"links": [
[
"habitational",
"habitational"
],
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʐu.ma/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʐu.ma]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɾu.ma]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uma"
}
],
"word": "Ruma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon feminine nouns",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon proper nouns",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon ō-stem nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch Low Saxon",
"lang_code": "nds-nl",
"word": "Rome"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "Rōme"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch Low Saxon",
"lang_code": "nds-nl",
"word": "Rome"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "Rōm"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*Rūmō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *Rūmō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *Rūmō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-decl-noun-o-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Ruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Ruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Rumo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Ruma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "proper noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Ruma f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Rum",
"nopl": "1"
},
"name": "osx-decl-noun-o-f"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon female given names",
"Old Saxon given names"
],
"glosses": [
"a female given name"
],
"links": [
[
"given name",
"given name"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"osx:Cities in Italy",
"osx:Places in Italy",
"osx:Rome"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (a major city in Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon terms with historical senses",
"osx:Ancient Rome",
"osx:Former polities"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa; in full, Roman Empire)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"Ancient Rome",
"Ancient Rome#English"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"empire",
"empire"
],
[
"Rome",
"Rome"
],
[
"Europe",
"Europe#English"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia#English"
],
[
"Africa",
"Africa#English"
],
[
"Roman Empire",
"Roman Empire#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa; in full, Roman Empire)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"historical"
]
}
],
"word": "Ruma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Sicilian/uma",
"Sicilian entries with incorrect language header",
"Sicilian feminine nouns",
"Sicilian lemmas",
"Sicilian proper nouns",
"Sicilian terms derived from Latin",
"Sicilian terms inherited from Latin"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rumana"
},
{
"word": "Rumana"
},
{
"word": "rumanazzu"
},
{
"word": "Rumani"
},
{
"word": "rumanità"
},
{
"word": "Rumanu"
},
{
"word": "rumanu"
},
{
"word": "rumanzu"
},
{
"word": "rumanìscu"
},
{
"word": "rumanìsimu"
},
{
"word": "rumanìsticu"
},
{
"word": "Rumeu"
},
{
"word": "rumànicu"
},
{
"word": "Rumìlia"
},
{
"word": "rumìu"
},
{
"word": "Rumìu"
},
{
"word": "Ròmmulu"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "Ruma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "la",
"3": "Rōma",
"4": "",
"5": "Rome"
},
"expansion": "Latin Rōma (“Rome”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin Rōma (“Rome”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Roma",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "proper noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Ruma f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Rù",
"ma"
]
}
],
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "grecu"
},
{
"word": "gricu"
},
{
"word": "latinu"
},
{
"word": "Lazziu"
},
{
"word": "sicanu"
},
{
"word": "sìculu"
},
{
"word": "toscu"
},
{
"word": "èlimu"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"scn:Ancient settlements",
"scn:Cities in Italy",
"scn:Cities in Lazio, Italy",
"scn:Former capitals",
"scn:National capitals",
"scn:Places in Italy",
"scn:Places in Lazio, Italy",
"scn:Places in the Roman Empire",
"scn:Regional capitals of Italy",
"scn:Rome"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (a major city, the capital of Italy and the Italian region of Lazio, located on the Tiber River; the ancient capital of the Roman Empire)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English:_Q220"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
],
[
"Lazio",
"Lazio#English"
],
[
"Tiber",
"Tiber"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"Roman Empire",
"Roman Empire#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"scn:Metropolitan cities of Italy",
"scn:Places in Italy",
"scn:Places in Lazio, Italy"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome (a metropolitan city of Lazio, Italy)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English:_Q18288160"
],
[
"metropolitan city",
"metropolitan city"
],
[
"Lazio",
"Lazio#English"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Sicilian terms with historical senses",
"scn:Ancient Rome",
"scn:Former polities"
],
"glosses": [
"Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa; in full, Roman Empire)"
],
"links": [
[
"Rome",
"Rome#English"
],
[
"Ancient Rome",
"Ancient Rome#English"
],
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"empire",
"empire"
],
[
"Rome",
"Rome"
],
[
"Europe",
"Europe#English"
],
[
"Asia",
"Asia#English"
],
[
"Africa",
"Africa#English"
],
[
"Roman Empire",
"Roman Empire#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) Rome, Ancient Rome (an ancient empire based out of the city of Rome, covering vast territories in Europe, Asia and Africa; in full, Roman Empire)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Sicilian surnames"
],
"glosses": [
"a habitational surname"
],
"links": [
[
"habitational",
"habitational"
],
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʐu.ma/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʐu.ma]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɾu.ma]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uma"
}
],
"word": "Ruma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Ruma meaning in All languages combined (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.